Drilling has been a human activity since the ancient civilizations and beyond. Basic and very ineffective methods were in use back in those days, which made it impossible to engage in the activity on a large scale. Technology limitations in this industry have however been broken in the recent past and methods together with tools have advanced a lot. Deep hole drilling is now done on large scales at low cost and at faster speeds.
Hole drilling is done for several different reasons. In most cases, this process is done to extract natural resources that exist at great depths underground. Some of these natural resources include natural gas, petroleum, ground water, and brine. Holes may also be drilled in order to inject fluid from the surface to subsurface reservoirs. Scientists also engage in this operation in order to study and monitor subsurface formations. When the intention is to explore natural resources, the process is called borehole drilling.
The main purpose of excavating holes initially was to extract water. The holes were dug in areas with shallow water tables and as such, the holes were only shallow and very wide. To prevent the holes from collapsing back in, the sides were lined with masonry or wooden walls. This reduced accidents and increased the life span of the wells.
Mechanical and manual options are the two main kinds of options one has to pick from when drilling wells today. Complexity and cost of equipment varies from simple and cheap to exorbitant and complex. Long drill shafts are used in modern drilling techniques. With the long drill shafts, it is possible to make deeper and narrower holes that would be impossible to achieve with manual mechanisms.
Different kinds of drill bits exist today that it can be difficult to choose which one to work with. Lucky enough, there are many holes that have been drilled in the world so far, with some locations having several holes in one place. As such, information from adjacent wells is often based upon when choosing the kind of drill bits to use in an operation. It is also possible to change the drill bits as deemed appropriate during the process.
Drill bits in the modern time are classified as roller cones or fixed cutters only. Fixed cutters are named so because they are comprised of no moving parts. They gouge rocks through forces such as shearing, scrapping, and abrasion. They are made of various material including hotpressed inserts, polycrystalline diamond compact, and natural diamond.
On the contrary, roller drill bits are composed of moving parts so that the movement is responsible for drilling through rocks and soil. Milled tooth and tungsten carbide inserts are the two kinds of materials used in making roller bits. If the rock formation is hard, tungsten carbide inserts are used while milled tooth is preferred for soft rocks.
The two kinds of bits have different versions of themselves. Each version is manufactured differently and comprises of different composites depending on the drilling situation it is meant for. Efficiency in the bits can be improved greatly by adding enhancements as needed to suit the situation.
Hole drilling is done for several different reasons. In most cases, this process is done to extract natural resources that exist at great depths underground. Some of these natural resources include natural gas, petroleum, ground water, and brine. Holes may also be drilled in order to inject fluid from the surface to subsurface reservoirs. Scientists also engage in this operation in order to study and monitor subsurface formations. When the intention is to explore natural resources, the process is called borehole drilling.
The main purpose of excavating holes initially was to extract water. The holes were dug in areas with shallow water tables and as such, the holes were only shallow and very wide. To prevent the holes from collapsing back in, the sides were lined with masonry or wooden walls. This reduced accidents and increased the life span of the wells.
Mechanical and manual options are the two main kinds of options one has to pick from when drilling wells today. Complexity and cost of equipment varies from simple and cheap to exorbitant and complex. Long drill shafts are used in modern drilling techniques. With the long drill shafts, it is possible to make deeper and narrower holes that would be impossible to achieve with manual mechanisms.
Different kinds of drill bits exist today that it can be difficult to choose which one to work with. Lucky enough, there are many holes that have been drilled in the world so far, with some locations having several holes in one place. As such, information from adjacent wells is often based upon when choosing the kind of drill bits to use in an operation. It is also possible to change the drill bits as deemed appropriate during the process.
Drill bits in the modern time are classified as roller cones or fixed cutters only. Fixed cutters are named so because they are comprised of no moving parts. They gouge rocks through forces such as shearing, scrapping, and abrasion. They are made of various material including hotpressed inserts, polycrystalline diamond compact, and natural diamond.
On the contrary, roller drill bits are composed of moving parts so that the movement is responsible for drilling through rocks and soil. Milled tooth and tungsten carbide inserts are the two kinds of materials used in making roller bits. If the rock formation is hard, tungsten carbide inserts are used while milled tooth is preferred for soft rocks.
The two kinds of bits have different versions of themselves. Each version is manufactured differently and comprises of different composites depending on the drilling situation it is meant for. Efficiency in the bits can be improved greatly by adding enhancements as needed to suit the situation.
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